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Are Gays Too Late to Destroy Marriage?

Their influence may ultimately be nothing compared to what straights have done.

Legalizing gay marriagewill destroy the institution of matrimony.

Design By Jane Sherman

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Kevin Phinney reviews theater for this paper. He is the author of Souled American: How Black Music Transformed White Culture.

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That's been the battle cry of the religious right since the debate began taking shape more than a dozen years ago. And whenever it's mentioned these days, you can expect talking heads like James Dobson of the Family Research Council, onetime presidential candidate Gary Bauer, and/or Redmond pastor Kenneth Hutcherson to pop up on your flatscreen long enough to repeat just that: Same-sex marriage will corrode the pre-eminent organizing social construct known to man. Now is that what you want?

When pressed for details as to precisely how same-sex marriage will destroy straight marriage, opponents reply that matrimony is "traditionally" between two members of opposite sexes—an observation that reframes the issue while dodging the question. Debate about what might be in the future is short-circuited simply by invoking precedent.

After all, "traditionally," black people were once considered property, women had no right to vote, and slaughtering Native Americans was simply one more plank in the platform of Manifest Destiny. Didn't those "traditions" merit destruction, or at least a thorough rethinking?

Conservatives often counter that matrimony is the linchpin of the family unit, and—as anyone who listens to right-wing radio shows like Laura Ingraham's knows—families "ideally" comprise a man and a woman. But we're already falling short of this wistful image in numerous ways, including divorce, single-parent families, and babies born out of wedlock. For that matter, "ideally," only people who can afford the cost of rearing children should be having them. Yet none of these factors precludes a man and woman from marrying or remarrying in a civil ceremony.

Washington voters will get a chance to have their say on the subject, if supporters of Referendum 71 have collected enough valid signatures to place the issue on November's ballot. Backers of the referendum want SB 5688, the "everything-but-marriage" law—which has yet to go into effect, despite its April passage by the state legislature and its May signing by Governor Christine Gregoire—overturned. At the moment, the signatures are still being authenticated, with the results so far "too close to call."

In Massachusetts, where same-sex marriage has been legal for the past five years, Dr. Charles Foster is the co-founder and director of a family therapy facility called the Chestnut Hill Institute. Foster believes that opponents of same-sex marriage represent a segment of the population who yearn for the America of their youth or an imagined perfect past. "These are people feeling squeezed from every direction," he says. "Their jobs are vanishing overseas, homes are being lost, and now these are the very same folks showing up at town meetings to say they're mad as hell and not going to take it anymore, and they've been exploited by the right. Back when Nixon ran for president in 1968, conservatives realized that the only way to get a majority was to convince these people to vote against their own economic self-interests, and the best way to do that was to threaten them with the loss of a lifestyle they cherish."

Defending marriage as a one man/one woman proposition became their cultural Alamo as other traditions began to topple, says Stephanie Coontz, who teaches history and marriage studies at The Evergreen State College in Olympia. "Even as families have become more diverse, there remains a nostalgia for that Ozzie-and-Harriet life," she says, "but ironically enough, those same changes in the ways people couple and marry have been the ones that now attract homosexual couples. You could argue that gays haven't come to the idea of marriage; marriage itself has become a more attractive proposition for gay people."

Less than a century ago, most states' marriage laws included "head and master" clauses, which not only sanctioned men requiring women to take their surnames, but allowed the husband to determine where the couple would live and to have final say on matters of community property. "And," Coontz points out, "there was no such thing as marital rape."

"In that 19th-century mindset of marriage, the man had a duty to support his family and the woman was responsible for supplying services needed in the home—including sex," she continues. "And it wasn't until 1993 that the last state did away with that. Marriage used to be an institution very much oriented around heterosexuals because it was based in large part upon the inheritance and passing-along of power and property for political and economic convenience, and one was not allowed to marry for love. Over the last 150 years, it's heterosexuals who have chipped away at those notions."

That process accelerated during the sexual revolution of the 1960s. "Over the last 40 years," Coontz says, "it's been heterosexuals who've said you should marry someone you're compatible with. They're the ones who've said you shouldn't be required to have children, or that you should use assisted reproduction if you want kids. Gay couples are simply buying into a model of partnering that now seems much more appealing to them."

Since many social conservatives equate legalizing same-sex marriage with "condoning a lifestyle" they abhor, legal protection is perhaps the most important aspect of same-sex marriage. If gays can depend on the law to enable them to visit a lover in the hospital and pass on and receive property and money, they can then build on that foundation toward a broader acceptance in the communities where they live. Toward that very end, last Friday I had to put aside this piece long enough to drive to Olympia to register myself and my guy of 13 years as domestic partners: Not because we don't already have power of attorney and wills that spell out to the last detail who gets what if either of us dies, but because our insurer wants to clear their books of anyone who merely "claims" to be a domestic partner. So with a less-than-30-day window, we had to find notaries during a workday and take time to present ourselves, along with bank statements and oath-swearing that yes, we're homos and we share bed, bath, and Dash, the wonderhound.

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