Robin Laananen
Seattle's bridges are vulnerable to attack.
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WE IN THE MEDIA—and in politics, law enforcement, and pretty much everywhere else today—tend to pay attention to potential disasters only after they happen.
Even today, in the wake of the worst incident of terrorism on U.S. soil, most commentators and analysts are focusing on yesterday's terrorism problems, rather than tomorrow's.
"About the only thing you can be sure of going forward is that aviation travel will be safe," reports Lehman Brothers' Mark Melcher, a Washington, D.C.- based political analyst who has written widely in recent years on the very real dangers of terrorism.
Melcher explains, "The terrorists have already moved on to other targets—which virtually nobody is thinking about today—while we're holding a ridiculous national debate on curbside check-in."
As a primer for digesting the news in the wake of last Tuesday's suicide bombings, here are eight thoughts worth pondering:
1. Airplanes and airports are safe.
The good news is that the problem in the skies is being fixed. The bad news is that much of the rest of the country is vulnerable.
According to several anti-terrorism experts, the events of Sept. 11 took five-plus years to plan. Intelligence analysts assume that the next terrorist attacks are already three to four years into the planning stages. These future attacks are being developed under the assumption that U.S. security efforts will focus on protecting airports and airplanes; hence, the next wave of terror will almost certainly hit elsewhere.
2. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has known for years that domestic airport security is a standing joke, yet it has done little to fix the problem.
The U.S. Department of Transportation's Office of the Inspector General—the watchdog agency that keeps an eye on the FAA—has prepared detailed reports spelling out the airport security problems that have been all over the news of late. For details, go to www.oig.dot.gov, then hit aviation (FAA) security. Read the reports and weep.
Start with the Nov. 18, 1999, study, which had this to say: "During our testing, we successfully penetrated secure areas by: piggybacking [following] employees through doors; riding unguarded elevators; walking through concourse doors, gates, and jetbridges; walking through cargo facilities unchallenged; and driving through unmanned vehicle gates. After penetrating secure areas, we boarded a substantial number of aircraft operated by U.S. and foreign air carriers. In some instances, we were seated and ready for departure at the time we concluded our tests."
3. The greatest terrorist threats today are biological agents.
Biological agents are easily accessible, almost impossible to detect, and extremely deadly. Listen to the words of terrorism expert Peter Probst, from a mid-1990s speech: "Only a few grams of pulmonary anthrax, which has something on the order of a 95 percent lethality rate, could take out a major government complex. Similarly, a vial of such an agent dropped from the Senate gallery could take out much of this country's leadership."
Probst, an ex- CIA employee who has spent more than two decades developing anti-terrorism plans for the U.S. Department of Defense and others, says that "the terrorist weapon of the future could, at first glance, appear to be an ordinary lightbulb, which, in turn, is a preferred covert delivery method for biological agents. Terrorists could take several such devices filled with pulmonary anthrax and toss them onto the tracks of the Washington Metro. The bulbs would shatter, and lethal spores would be carried throughout the system by the convection currents of passing trains. They would cling to the clothing and shoes of the subway commuters, who would track it into their homes and offices. Thousands would aspirate the deadly spores. Thousands would die." Meanwhile, we prattle on about curbside check-in.
4. The U.S. is extremely vulnerable in the event of germ warfare.
According to Dr. Ken Alibek, the first deputy chief of the secret Soviet germ warfare program from 1988 to 1992, nations like Iraq, Afghanistan, Iran, Sudan, and Yemen have lured away and hired Soviet scientists who are knowledgeable in biological weaponry. Alibek, who defected to the U.S. in 1992 and has briefed U.S. intelligence and medical officials about the threat of biological weapons, says it's "highly probable" that terrorists already have obtained Soviet chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons. And the things they have procured are awful in their magnitude. According to Alibek, the Soviet Union developed strains of anthrax, plague, and other infectious and deadly diseases—including tularemia and glanders—that can't be treated with antibiotics.
5. Toxins can be easily manufactured.
In the mid-1990s, a forward-thinking federal contractor got nervous about the ease with which terrorists could obtain deadly toxins. The contractor set up a test by posting, in an online chat room, the formula for making sarin, a deadly biological agent. "The formula was genuine, except for some subtle omissions which would render the result harmless," Probst explains.
Less than an hour later, Probst reports, "some 30 different messages were posted giving the correct formulation and pointing out the errors in the consultant's work."
6. Numerous experts were predicting an event similar to the suicide bombings—but you won't hear that from the Pentagon.
